Monday, November 20, 2017

Emergence of Capitalism and its total collapse

                                       

                                                          Chapter – 3

                                        Emergence of Capitalism

                                          and its Total Collapse


“Capitalism is a mode of production based on private ownership of the
means of production. Capitalists produce commodities for the exchange
market and to stay competitive must extract as much labor from the workers
as possible at the lowest possible cost. The economic interest of the capitalist
is to pay the worker as little as possible, in fact just enough to keep him
alive and productive.” —Mind Hunt

“To understand any modern society it is essential to probe beneath its
surface and illuminate its fundamental economic laws of motion, as Marx
did for capitalism.” –Excerpts from: “Death of Stalinism”

           On the outburst of technological and scientific inventions in the field of
production of goods and services emerged widely and deeply from the
eighteenth to the nineteenth century. It was called as Industrial Revolution.
Major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transport had a
profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural spectrums in United
Kingdom, European countries, and the USA.

The top 15 Inventions of Industrial Revolution that changed the world:
1. The Steam Engine by James Watt in 1769,
2. Cotton Gin by Eli Whitney in 1793,
3. The Steam Boat Service on Hudson River by Robert Fulton in 1807,
4. Locomotive Engine – Rocket- by George Stephenson in 1829,
5. Telegraph by Samuel F.B. Morse in 1836,
6. Sewing Machine by Elias Howe by 1844,
7. Improves and markets Howe’s Sewing Machine by Isaac Singer in
     1851,
8. Transatlantic Cable by Cyrus Field in 1866,
9. Dynamite by Albert Nobel in 1867,
10. Telephone by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876,
11. Phonograph, Incandescent Light Bulb and Motion Picture by Thomas
       Edison in 1877, 1879 and 1892,
12. Induction Electric Motor by Nikola Tesla in 1888,
13. Diesel Engine by Rudolf Diesel in 1892,
14. First Airplane by Orville and Wilbur Wright in 1903,
15. Model T Ford Car and Assembly Line by Henry Ford in 1908 and
       1913 and
16. Nuclear fission by Sir John Douglas and Ernest Walton in 1932 and
       then Enrico Fermi.
   
         Allying the scientific inventions the capitalists produced goods in huge
volume for the accumulation of profit and wealth. These goods could not be
produced in village and cottage industries. The production of these goods
required ‘factory system of production’ in huge quantities and they had to be
distributed all over the world. The factory system of production required the
investment of enormous capital. It created a new class known as ‘capitalists’
from the feudal landlords and wealthy persons. They started gigantic factories
for the production of goods in mass.The above-mentioned inventions paved the
way for the ‘emergence of capitalism’ in England and other Western European
countries. To dump the overproduction they established colonies worldwide

         Moreover, the term ‘capital’ implies not only huge machines and factory
buildings but also supreme ‘economic power’. With the help of this ‘economic
power,’ the capitalists can control all the political powers of any government.
They breed brutal economic power even to change or destroy the long
cherished and esteemed culture, religion and education of any society for
their monetary benefit and for their own survival in the business competitions
in other countries.

                             Working class at the mercy of capitalists

          Since the working class is indispensable depending on the capitalists for
their wage income and to protect their ‘right to live’ they have to work for the
interest of capitalists and for their aim of maximisation of profit and
accumulation of their wealth. So the working class, the true representative of
society, will easily succumb to change their life values such as culture, custom,and conventions, method of education, norms of socio-political laws, life style
etc. for the satisfaction of few capitalists. Such capitalistic societies will not
represent the Just Society for which the people have been struggled for years
together.

         After industrial revolution the mankind realised that they could not
establish an Ideal Society for which they have been dreaming for since the
genesis of civilisation. This is because of the fact that despite the abundant
volume of production of invented goods there is no justifiable system of
distribution. The capitalist mode of production is aiming at maximisation of
profit but not executing equality to establish Just Society. Both Socialist and
Capitalist Modes of Production have failed in the justifiable distribution of
goods and stabilisation of employment which is the exclusive object of
production.
          World War I and II were fought with the scientific goods invented during
industrial revolution. All the world governments misused the inventions to
commit horrendous crime on mankind by killing millions and millions of
innocent people for their transitory victory. The nuclear fission and its
consequent invention of Atom Bomb by Albert Einstein and Robert
Oppenheimer, despite their objection of usage on mankind, were dropped on
Hiroshima by the Capitalist America killing millions of people in seconds.

           Now not only Socialist and capitalist Modes Production but also Islamic
Mode of Production have manufactured atom bombs, the weapons of mass
destruction, and heaped them in their military arsenal. Can anyone even guess
such modes of production lead the mankind towards an Ideal Society in future?
Is this the object of scientists to invent nuclear fission for mass destruction
and the nuclear holocaust? Whither are we going?

          It is the Capitalistic Mode of Production that has transformed the
wonderful scientific inventions into weapons of mass destruction during two
world wars and now the mode of production helps the terrorist groups day in
and day out to carry out terrorist activities and kill millions of innocent people.
In the same direction of capitalist countries many socialist, democratic and
even poor Islamic countries too marching on and on towards global destruction.
Neither Holy Bible, nor Holy Koran and nor Holy Bhagavat Geeta can stop
them by their divine preaching. All the countries desire to claim pride on
testing atom bombs, various forms of ballistic missiles. No country want to
put even one step forward towards the creation of an Ideal Society in the
midst of wonderful scientific inventions presented for the welfare of mankind.

          The Capitalist mode of production is a way using capital to produce a
particular commodity as a sole proprietorship or Partnership or Private Limited
Company or a Joint Stock Company or Global Corporate Company. The
corporate companies in order to accumulate huge volume of capital issue
millions of shares to the public. But the public are allowed to claim stake only
less than 49 per cent and retain majority of shares, more than 51 per cent, to
exert control over the management of the company. The shares of these
companies are being permitted to marketing in the ‘Share Market’ for monetary
benefit without producing anything and thus induce the public to indulge in
gambling. The success of these corporate companies is determined by their
profit exploited from the consumers. To expose huge volume of profit these
companies involve various illegal and manipulative activities and even produce
destructive weapons like RDX, AK47 for distributing them to the terrorists
purely for monetary benefits. They also produce very harmful chemical goods
that will pollute the air, water and land. Moreover production of adulterated,
substandard and health hazardous goods are very common in these companies.

           Only these companies have spoiled the Ozone layer in the atmosphere. Their
main purpose is to earn maximum profit by hook or crook at the expense of
human health. Moreover most of the terror outfits have invested their black
money in the stock markets and use the dividend received to carry out their
terror activities. Huge volume of black money is circulated in bullying the
stock price to translate it as the success of these companies and stimulate the
common public to indulge in stock market gambling. One day when the
artificial bubbling economy burst out most of the millionaires become slum
dogs and commit suicide. This trend is prevailing everywhere in the world.
Billions and billions of dollars are speculated in the gamble of stock markets
in the name of investments.

          The mankind has been now puzzling and trembling for what to do in the
midst of total collapse of economic systems, nuclear proliferation, climate
changes, terrorist activities and ever spreading pollution. These are all horrible
consequences as we are following the chaotic and incompetent modes of
production of capitalistic and socialistic systems blindly for a long period of
time. Then what is the justifiable mode of production now left with us at last
to establish an Ideal Society? Is socialism a true alternative?


Thursday, November 16, 2017

Modes of production towards perfection

                        Evolution of Societies       

                                                     Chapter – 2

                                    Modes of Production and their
                                 Evolutions to Create an Ideal Society

Philosophers have so far only changed their interpretation of the world;
the point, however, is to change the world” —Karl Marx

‘Mode of Production’ means how socially needed goods are produced by
the different industrial organizations on the basis of their ‘capital ownership’.
The capital ownership may be in the form of ‘sole trading business’,
‘partnership’, ‘cooperative society’, Joint-stock company’, ‘multinational
corporation (MNC)’ etc.

                Modes of production and Karl Marx

Basic and Superstructures of societies


It is the supreme historical discovery of Karl Marx that all the societies
are established on two structural factors. One is basic structure and the other
is superstructure. The basic structure is the foundation of society, that forms
the ‘mode of production’. The basic structure is exclusively owned by the
capitalists or those who own the capital. The superstructure of society is built
upon the basic structure of society, and it forms the fabrication of society
such as legal system, education system, religious practices, custom and
conventions, cultural formations etc. It is invariably controlled to the views
and visions of the ‘capital owners’ at the basic structure.
The Basic structure: The basic structure of any society is laid on the
factor that ‘who primarily owns the ‘capital’ of the industry. Capital denotes
not just ‘machines and tools and factory buildings’. Moreover, the capital not
only assists labors and increases their productivity but it also possesses
enormous ‘economic power’ that will explicitly control all socioeconomic
and political activities of a society.

 A New World Order

The Superstructure: On the other hand the ‘superstructure’ of the society
that has been raised upon the basic structure consists of various aspects of
society such as the fabrication of education, religion, customs and conventions,
political systems, judiciary and legal systems. It is those capitalists who are in
possession of basic structure design the elements of the superstructure of
society in the way in which they should protect themselves and not the common
people. With the help of capital and production of various goods and services
the capitalists even demoralize the well-established culture of the society for
their aim of ‘maximisation of profit’ in terms of money. Such form of societies
always exhibit inequalities, undemocratic, arrogant, chaotic and full of
complexities. Most of the philosophers, therefore, warn the people that the
creation of ‘just society’ will ever be a ‘will- o’- the- wisp’.

Private capital tends to become concentrated in few hands. The result is
an oligarchy of capital the enormous power of which cannot be effectively
decided even by a democratically organized political society”.
—Albert Einstein

Wednesday, November 15, 2017

New World Order- Evolution of societies

                                     A New World Order   

                                         (A Tax-free and Corruption-free economic system)


       Evolution of Societies Towards Perfectionchapter: 
                      The Authority Of Natural Law


             The attempt and struggle to establish a better ordering of human society than the destructive and cruel chaos in which mankind have hitherto existed is by no means modern. The origin of attempt executed to conceive an Ideal Society has emerged even before the dawn of history. So many leaders, the so-called men of reincarnations, great thinkers, philosophers, scientists and political and revolutionary leaders have tried but in vain. For this noble cause of attainment of an Ideal Society, Lord Buddha (The Holy Dhammapada), Sri Krishna (The Holy Bhagavat Gita), Jesus Christ (The Holy Bible), Prophet Mohammed (The Holy Koran) and so many men o6--f reincarnations tried on the religious pedestal. Men of wisdom like Socrates (Socrates dialogues), Plato (Republic), Rousseau (Social Contract), Karl Marx (Das Capital), John Maynard Keynes (General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money), Thiruvalluvar (The Holy Thirukual) attempted on the intellectual arena.
And the revolutionary leaders like Mira beau (Leader, French Revolution), Lenin (Leader, Russian Revolution, 1905-1917), Abraham Lincoln (American Civil War- 12th April 1861 to 13th May,1865), Mao Tze Tung (Long March of Red Army from 16th October,1934 to 19th October,1935), Mahatma Gandhi (The bloodless War of Independence (1920-1947), struggled on the battlefields. Igniting their hearts with a spirit of undaunted courage, tireless perseverance, restless struggle and utter sacrifice with pristine purity,  men constituting all sectors of wisdom such as politics, religion, economics, social philosophies, ethics, and science and technology tried to establish an Ideal Society by changing one formation of society into another during the long process of time. What are they we are still lacking for?
The treasures of wisdom originated even before the dawn of history have been accumulated in our bookshelves. No one restricts us to turn the pages of Holy Bhagavat Gita, Holy Bible, Holy Koran, Holy Dharmapala, Holy Guru Grantham Sahib, Holy Vedas, Social Contract, Das Capital etc., to find a solution for socio-economic miseries of mankind. No one is twisting our hands for not exploiting and extracting the boundless natural resources to put into use for the eradication of poverty. No one prevents our economists to circulate the requisite volume of money the economy needs for a smooth operation of economic machinery as the economists opt for. No one is going to agitate against us to codify any appropriate law for the establishment of better Order of Society. Everything in the world is under our own control and direction. Neither supernatural power nor any external force exerts any mysterious control on our intellectual strength to restraining us from creating an ideal society that we want to establish from time immemorial. Still, we are not a success!
     The treasures of wisdom originated even before the dawn of history have been accumulated in our bookshelves. No one restricts us to turn the pages of Holy Bhagavat Gita, Holy Bible, Holy Koran, Holy Dharmapala, Holy Guru Grantham Sahib, Holy Vedas, Social Contract, Das Capital etc., to find a solution for socio-economic miseries of mankind. No one is twisting our hands for not exploiting and extracting the boundless natural resources to put into use for the eradication of poverty. No one prevents our economists to circulate the requisite volume of money the economy needs for a smooth operation of economic machinery as the economists opt for. No one is going to agitate against us to codify any appropriate law for the establishment of better Order of Society. Everything in the world is under our own control and direction. Neither supernatural power nor any external force exerts any mysterious control on our intellectual strength to restraining us from creating an ideal society that we want to establish from time immemorial. Still, we are not a success.
                              Evolution of Human Societies:
       From the genesis of civilization, so many men of wisdom preached and codified uncountable rules and regulations in religious, political, and social domains suitable to the then prevailing conditions Evolution to create an ideal society. But the people did not satisfy on the creation of such societies as their views and visions were high and justifiable. As per Natural Law, for example, Darwin Theory, every system should undergo continuous and perpetual change until it reaches its perfection and eternality. The indisputable example is the Evolution of Man from the period of Paleolithic age. According to Interpretation of History explicated by Karl Marx every society should have been changed consistently and continuously by the struggle of radical revolutionists still, it would reach its perfection.
          But Karl Marx disastrously arrived a conclusion that the ownership of capital should be entrusted in the hands of ‘State’ under the guise of ‘proletariat dictatorship’ that would be managed by one party system. Since the economic thought was at its infantry stage during the period of Karl Marx, he might have come to the conclusion that proletariat dictatorship would prevent the economically powerful capitalists and it would lead the working class to create an egalitarian society. On the other hand 26when the ‘State’ captured the national capital, it crushed the working class and blocked them behind an ‘iron curtain’ and locked them in a ‘prison economy’.
          Marxian Socialistic Mode of Production pathetically failed to lead the mankind towards its perfect evolution as the socialists preached. People now are realizing that they have yet to discover a new system that will lead them towards an ideal society. What is that system? 





Tuesday, November 14, 2017

A New World Order-Tax-Free, Corruption-free Economy

The  reviews on NEW WORLD ORDER’ received from members of World Economic Association

(‘A NEW WORLD ORDER’ IS  A BRIEF VERSION OF ‘DEMOCRISM - THE THIRD THEORY INQUIRES HOW TO SOLVE FROM POVERTY TO NUCLEAR WAR’)
http://www.gyanbooks.com/index.php?p=sr&Uc=9789386397072&l=0
http://www.kalpazpublications.com/index.php?p=sr&Uc=9789386397072&l=0



1. The book “A New World Order’ is quite interesting as it deals with all crucial economic issues which need our immediate attention.
Dr. K. venkatasubramaniam, Former V.C. Pondicherry University

2. My dear Viswanathan, I wonder what progress you have made in making a draft of second edition of your book on International economics. And I am looking forward to the comments you have received so far and how we could therefrom go forward.
Dr. V. ShanmugaSundaram, Member, T.N. State Planning Commision.

3. To sum up, the book deals with many important problems which merit to be discussed at an International conference by both Indian and Foreign Economists and, I suggest that the author should go ahead with his proposal of putting forth his publication at the forth coming World Economic Conference.
Prof. S.N. Sen,University of Pune.

4. ‘A New World Order’ is an excellent treatise for solving poverty, and other economic evils and political evils such as ‘Star Wars’.
Dr. K. Sitaraman Swami, Ph.D (U.S.A.), F.R.E.S (U.K)

5. I am sure your book ‘A New World Order’ will be one of the finest ever in the world and will bring out Socio-Economic problems in the world.
Brig. T.V. Manoharan, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi.

6. The book has provided an intellectually churning reading. I have great appreciation for your work and efforts.
Dr. S.K. Jain, I.I.T. Delhi

7. Your  book is quite interesting and thought provoking.
Prof. P.N. Pal

8. Your book ‘A New World Order’ has given a dimension of thinking that is completely new and unsought for
Dr. Rama Shankar Singh, A.S. College, Bihar

9. Your book ‘A New World Order’ is invaluable to thinkers                   
Dr. R.S. Gupta, D.N. College, Meerut.

10. The threat of nuclear war, poverty, unemployment have almost shaken the world economy. Your book, I feel, will certainly create awareness among the people of the world.
Prof.srivatsava






                                                                         Synopsis – In a nutshell
                                                           A NEW WORLD ORDER
                                     Democratism(People's Capitalism)– The Third Economic System
                                                     The Theory and Practice
                                                                      ISBN: 97893 8639 7072
                                           www.Gyan books.com; www.Indian books and periodicals.com
                                           http://www.gyanbooks.com/index.php?p=sr&Uc=9789386397072&l=0



It is the economic justice that the governments of all countries should enact just one law: “One share to one person only” It democratize the economy. It creates tax-free, interest-free, corruption-free, unemployment-free, war and terrorism-free economy. It is the New World Order.   
    The mankind now needs neither "Capitalism nor Socialism but Democratism-The third economic system" for its future survival. Otherwise, it will perish in the World War III/Terrorism or Great Global Depression.
1. ‘Democrism' means ‘Democratization of Economy' or ‘Democratic Capitalism' or ‘Creation of People's Direct Ownership of Capital.'
2. Each  Industry  For  All  And  All  Industries For  Each: When the economy is democratized  "Each  Worker  will  own a Share in All The
Industries and All The Workers will  own a  Share in  Each  Industry".  No worker  will be  allowed to  sell his share, and all share market gambles will be rejected.  
3. Classless Society: The high economic concept will remove the class distinction between ‘Capitalists and Workers'  and create  a  ‘Classless Society' without forcibly acquiring the capital stock of a few capitalists.
4. Dual Monetary System: A new economic technique known as ‘Dual Monetary System' will be injected by replacing the hitherto existing complex fiscal and monetary policies. Under the Dual Monetary System, new money  distinguishes as ‘Investment Money ' will be put into circulation in addition to the present money which will be called as ‘Consumption Money.' When the investment money is put into circulation, it will create adequate capital for the generation of new employment opportunities.
5. Interest-Free Investment: Whenever the workers buy goods and services a part of the price in the form of  ‘Investment money' will flow into their ‘Investment Account' of the workers in ‘Investment Bank.'
6. Creation and acquisition of Capital: This ‘Investment Money'  (of workers) will be utilized for  creation of  new capital  to generate  new employment  opportunities and  for the acquisition  of accumulated  capital stock of  Corporate  Sector without  harassing them to democratize  the economy or to  establish ‘People's  Direct Ownership of  Capital.'
7. Stabilization of Employment: The investment money will function as ‘Equilibrator' between ‘Producers monetary expenditure and their monetary income.' It will empower the producers to receive their ‘expected income' even though all the goods produced are not sold to stabilize the volume of employment and income of workers.
8. Dual Income: The workers will receive dual income-"Wage for Labor and Dividend for  investment."
9. Egalitarian Society: On the distribution of ‘National Dividend’ the poor workers will get higher dividend than the rich workers  to uphold ‘Distributive Justice.'  It will reduce the ‘incomegap' between workers and help to create an  ‘Egalitarian society.'
10. Workers' Management: Since each industry is directly owned by all the workers of the country, the management of each industry will be entrusted by the workers of the industry on behalf of the workers of the whole country.
 The worker-managers should assume responsibility to keep accountability and transparency to the workers as a whole.
11. Tax-Free Economy: Similarly the workers will directly contribute some part their of National dividend to the government to meet its expenditure by abolishing kinds of taxes.
12. Inflation-Free Economy and Just Price: In  Democratic  Economy since all the Producers (workers) are the Consumers and all the Consumers are Producers, the price level of goods will be determined by themselves, and it will be Just price, and there will be no question of Inflation. It will establish a PROSUMER (PROducer cum conSUMER) SOCIETY in which the distinction between producers and consumers will disappear.
13. Corruption-Free Economy: In Democratism when ‘Investment Money' comes into circulation, it will prevent the buyers to spend any volume of money that is covered over and above their ‘declared income.' So that no one will spend the ‘corrupt money, ' and it will become a waste paper.
14.Cherishing  Social  Morality:  Any volume  of money  that is stolen or even ‘picked up ' that is found on the street or collected as unauthorized donations by any socio-economic-political organizations could not be spent for buying goods and services under the administration of ‘Investment Money.' It will empower the people to cherish social morality.
15. Preventing the circulation of counterfeit money: The Investment Money will act as the filter or a check post to flow only the ‘consumption money' into the ‘income and expenditure streams' of the consumers and producers. It will prevent all counterfeit and illicit money to flow into circulation. No political action is required to immune or to insulate the legally accepted volume of money to flow into circulation.  
16. Elimination of  Nuclear  Weapons and  Terrorism: In Democratic Economy since workers directly own all industries, the workers will not allow their industries to produce any Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD). It is the only solution to eliminate nuclear weapons and global terrorist activities. Ultimately it will lead us towards "One World, One Government, and One Humanity." 
 17. Formation of  Economic  Government: Since all the industries are directly owned by the workers as a whole, they will possess absolute control over the management of the industries, in short over the whole economic activities of the country. To empower the ‘rule of the workers' an ‘Economic Government' will be formed through the representative of workers of each industry, both service and goods sector, such as iron and steel, mining, agriculture, railways, communication and information technology, postal service, education and so on.
18. Each industry will function as ‘economic constituency, ' and the workers will elect their representatives, according to the proportion of workers population, to the economic government. These worker-representatives will elect their ‘head of the economic government'. He will be the powerful head of the state and select his council of ministers through proper guidelines.
The present ‘political government' will function as usual but its power will be on par with the ‘municipal corporation.' Moreover, the administration of political government will be under the control of the people.
        The doctrine of Democratism can be simplified as follows:
"Work according to Energy;                                Work Justice
Wage According to Work;                                   Wage Justice
Investment according to Wage;                         Investment Justice
 Dividend according to Investment burden;   Dividend  Justice
 Equality according to Dividend and                  Egalitarian Justice
Ideal Society according to Equality."                 Socio-Economic Justice.

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